Friday, September 20, 2013
The trouble with language
In both of the authors we read this week, there was an intrinsic issue with conveying things in written language. Though their issues were different, there is a common theme in what was at fault. This is that language is too restrictive in its structure. Nietzsche argues that language produces and reinforces this idea of separation of subject and verb, that is the separation of the doer and the deed. Heidegger, on the other hand, tries to use the language to express this very abstract concept of Being and of the human being Da Sein. However, despite careful choices of terminology to try and distinguish these vague concepts, the essays become clunky and hard to decipher. Nietzsche explicitly and Heidegger with his unwieldy sentences demonstrate how problematic and influential language can be. According to Nietzsche, the seduction of language has been instrumental in the enforcement and spread of the slavish mode of evaluation. The creation of the idea of a moral plane that is in between the doer and the deed seems to be entirely analogous to the idea of subject and verb. This seduces us to the idea that there is a choice involved with will and action, where Nietzsche would say there is no distinction to be made. Heidegger has a problem when he has to use the same word to describe three separate entities, which sound not be confused with each other. The strict rules of language often cause problems when discussing such complicated and abstract issues as being and morality.
However, there is a definite need for the strictness and simplicity that languages provides us. If we were to do away with the idea of subject and verb and instead focus on the action we would lose our sense of individuality and instead be what we do, and everyone who did the same thing would be the same person, as it were. Not only is this concerning in the sense of losing our identity and becoming something of a mob based solely on our will and actions, it would also be incredibly impractical. Who you refer to would change based one how their will and actions change. Though this is the idea Nietzsche is getting at, I cannot imagine a simple way to keep these things straight and simple at the same time. Also, introducing a new way to discuss the more abstract concepts would also take away from practicality of language. We would not need this whole new set of language for our everyday lives, so it would likely be soon out of use, as a language is determined by how many people speak and understand it.
So is there a way to change our language system so it is more conducive to what Nietzsche and Heidegger want without losing its necessary simplicity?
Subscribe to:
Post Comments (Atom)
I agree with your point of the restrictiveness of language. I think that language is both restrictive and necessary due to its ability to express concepts universally. When trying to describe a subjective experience (much like Heidegger trying to describe Da-sein) it is extremely difficult, because when one explains subjectives in terms of universals, they are no longer subjective. However, we cannot communicate subjectively. Thus language, and approximation of subjective truth, is required for practicality's sake. So while language is often a barrier to true understanding, it is the closest thing we have to truly understanding one another.
ReplyDeleteIn response to Emily's concluding question, I believe that we have the ability to make our language systems more conducive to the kinds of ideas that Nietzsche, Heidegger and others struggle to express. I am optimistic about our ability to add to and reinvent our language systems because of the diversity of concepts we have already developed terms to express, for example we have developed terms to discuss complex ideas such as intellectual property, identity, quantum states, and meta-evaluation systems. We often overemphasize what we fail to communicate, and fail to realize how much we succeed in communicating, though it is nevertheless imperfect. In order to develop the sort of conceptual scheme that might help us express the ideas of Nietzsche and Heidegger I think we should look to Heidegger's "Discourse on Thinking" and "The Question Concerning Technology" for some potential paths.
ReplyDeleteThis post got me thinking about the relationship between the way we think and the way we speak. Nietzsche seems to assume that language determines the way we think. Recent studies of the Himba tribe may shed some light on the relation between language and thought, however I think that it is unlikely to be a one way relation. Here's some links for those interested http://www.apa.org/monitor/feb05/hues.aspx
http://scienceblogs.com/mixingmemory/2006/10/14/the-effects-of-color-names-on-1/
To what extent does language shape or even determine the way we think?"
I was quite literally just about to bring up the Himba tribe, Ben. The seduction of language that Nietzsche talks about fits so perfectly with what modern neuroscience is discovering as to the relationship between language and the way we think; that the way our brain develops is directly related to the fact that we are born into a literate culture with specific rules of syntax speaks volumes as to the true possibility of objectivity. I think if there are cultures which do not have anything besides a present tense to their language, then it is definitely not unreasonable to assume that language will continue to evolve as a necessity as our knowledge increases in such a way that it is necessary for language to do so as well. That was a terribly worded sentence but I hope I got my point across...there's some irony for y'all.
ReplyDeleteJames, I'd like to ask you a couple questions for clarification: When you say language evolves do you mean that it improves in some way? Are you suggesting that there is a necessary relationship between the increase in our amount of knowledge and understanding and the evolution/progression of language? Why do you think the possibility of a present-tense only language sheds light on the rationality of the claim that language necessarily evolves and has some relation to knowledge?
ReplyDelete